Dane szczegółowe książki

Preface xv
Introduction xvii
1. Introduction to Interview Research 1
Conversation as Research 1
Three Interview Sequences 3
Interview Research in History and in the Social Sciences 7
The Interview Society 12
Methodological and Ethical Issues in Research Interviewing 14
Overview of the Book 17
Interviewing as a Craft 17
Interviewing as a Social Production of Knowledge 17
Interviewing as a Social Practice 18
Part I: Conceptualizing the Research Interview 19
Part II: Seven Stages of Research Interviewing 19
Concluding Perspectives 20

PART I: Conceptualizing the Research Interview 21
2. Research Interviews, Philosophical Dialogues, and Therapeutic Interviews 23
A Qualitative Research Interview on Learning 24
Phenomenology and the Mode of Understanding in a Qualitative Research Interview 26
Power Asymmetry in Qualitative Research Interviews 33
Philosophical Dialogues and Research Interviews 34
Therapeutic Interviews and Research Interviews 39

3. Epistemological Issues of Interviewing 47
The Interviewer as a Miner or as a Traveler 48
Interviews in a Postmodern Age 50
Seven Features of Interview Knowledge 53
Knowledge and Interviews in a Positivist Conception 56
A Rehabilitation of Classical Positivism 56
Methodological Positivism 57

4. Ethical Issues of Interviewing 61
Interviewing as a Moral Inquiry 62
Ethical Issues Throughout an Interview Inquiry 62
Ethical Positions: Rules and Procedures or Personal Virtues? 66
Ethical Guidelines 68
Informed Consent 70
Confidentiality 72
Consequences 73
The Role of the Researcher 74
Learning Ethical Research Behavior 76

5. Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing 81
Research Interviewing: Method or Personal Skills 82
The Craft of Research Interviewing 84
Learning the Craft of Research Interviewing 88

PART II: Seven Stages of an Interview Investigation 97
6. Thematizing and Designing an Interview Study 99
Seven Stages of an Interview Inquiry 99
Thematizing an Interview Study 105
Designing an Interview Study 109
Mixed Methods 116

7. Conducting an Interview 123
A Class Interview About Grades 124
Setting the Interview Stage 128
Scripting the Interview 130
Interviewer Questions 134
The Art of Second Questions 138
Books on Interviewing 141

8. Interview Variations 143
Interview Subjects 144
Interviewing Subjects Across Cultures 144
Interviews With Children 145
Interviews With Elites 147
Interview Forms 147
Computer-Assisted Interviews 148
Focus Group Interviews 150
Factual Interviews 150
Conceptual Interviews 151
Narrative Interviews 153
Discursive Interviews 155
Confrontational Interviews 158

9. Interview Quality 161
Hamlet’s Interview 161
Interview Quality 164
The Interview Subject 165
Interviewer Qualifications 166
Standard Objections to the Quality of Interview Research 168
Leading Questions 171
Tensions Between Scientific and Ethical Responsibility 173

10. Transcribing Interviews 177
Oral and Written Language 177
Recording Interviews 178
Transcribing Interviews 180
Transcription Reliability, Validity, and Ethics 183

11. Preparing for Interview Analysis 189
The 1,000-Page Question 189
Method of Analysis 194
Steps and Modes of Interview Analysis 195
Computer Tools for Interview Analysis 198

12. Interview Analyses Focusing on Meaning 201
Meaning Coding 201
Meaning Condensation 205
Meaning Interpretation 207
The Issue of Multiple Interpretations 208
Hermeneutical Interpretation of Meaning 210
The Primacy of the Question in Interpretation 211
Analytic Questions Posed to an Interview Text 213
The Quest for “The Real Meaning” 217

13. Interview Analyses Focusing on Language 219
Linguistic Analysis 219
Conversation Analysis 221
Narrative Analysis 222
Discourse Analysis 226
Deconstruction 230

14. Eclectic and Theoretical Analyses of Interviews 233
Interview Analysis as Bricolage 233
Interview Analysis as Theoretical Reading 235

15. The Social Construction of Validity 241
Objectivity of Interview Knowledge 242
Reliability and Validity of Interview Knowledge 244
Validity as Quality of Craftsmanship 248
Communicative Validity 253
Pragmatic Validity 256
Validity of the Validity Question 260
Generalizing From Interview Studies 260

16. Reporting Interview Knowledge 267
Contrasting Audiences for Interview Reports 267
Boring Interview Reports 269
Ethics of Reporting 272
Investigating With the Final Report in Mind 274
Standard Reports and Ways of Enhancing Them 276
Method 278
Results 278
Enriching Interview Reports 282
Journalistic Interviews 284
Dialogues 284
Therapeutic Case Histories 285
Narratives 286
Metaphors 287
Visualizing 287
Collage 288
Publishing Qualitative Research 290

17. Conversations About Interviews 293
Critiques of the Quality of Interview Knowledge 293
Developing the Craft of Research Interviewing 298
An Epistemology of Interview Knowledge 300
The Object Determines the Method 305
The Social Science Dogma of Quantification 306
Research Interviewing as Social Practice 309
Research Interviewing in a Social Context 310
Interview Ethics in a Social Context 312

Appendix: Learning Tasks 317
Glossary 323
References 329
Index 341
About the Authors 353